Centos 6.x 共存安装Python 2.7 or 3.x

Posted April 21, 2016

由于yum命令依赖系统的python2.6，所以如果直接覆盖的话，会导致yum不能工作。所以自带的python 2.6绝对不能动。不过可以通过自定义安装来共存两套或多套python环境。再配合virtualenv 隔离项目环境.

这里演示安装Python2.7 :

首先安装系统依赖包

yum install zlib-devel
yum install bzip2-devel
yum install openssl-devel
yum install ncurses-devel
yum install sqlite-devel

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下载Python2.7 源码编译安装

cd /usr/local/src;
wget --no-check-certificate https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.11/Python-2.7.11.tar.xz
tar xf Python-2.7.11.tar.xz
cd Python-2.7.11
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python27
make && make install

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安装pip

使用python27安装pip

wget https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/raw/bootstrap/ez_setup.py
/usr/local/python27/bin/python ez_setup.py
/usr/local/python27/bin/easy_install pip

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到这里python2.7.11 和 pip套件都安装了可以使用了。下一步就是把/usr/local/python27/bin/ 加入$PATH变量。

安装virtualenvwrapper

这一步实在自带的python2.6 上执行的，所以如果用python 2.7 需要再创建的虚拟环境的时候指定

pip install virtualenvwrapper

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然后再~/.bashrc文件追加以下操作

~/.bashrc or ./zshrc bash source $(which virtualenvwrapper.sh)

然后source ~/.bashrc 这样就可以使用workon、 mkvirtualenv、 rmvirtualenv命令.具体的指南参考 virtualenvwrapper

创建基于Python 2.7 的虚拟环境

mkvirtualenv ansible -p /usr/local/python2.7.11/bin/python

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错误处理

第一个错误, source $(which virtualenvwrapper.sh)出现logging no NullHandler

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/runpy.py", line 122, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/runpy.py", line 34, in _run_code
    exec code in run_globals
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/virtualenvwrapper/hook_loader.py", line 16, in <module>
    from stevedore import ExtensionManager
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/stevedore/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    LOG.addHandler(logging.NullHandler())
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'NullHandler'
virtualenvwrapper.sh: There was a problem running the initialization hooks.

If Python could not import the module virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader,
check that virtualenvwrapper has been installed for
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python and that PATH is

<\>Python

处理方法, 升级stevedore

pip install stevedore

<\>Python

python 2.6.6 可以升级到1.3.0 就可以了.

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